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Mushrooms of the Redwood Coast

A Comprehensive Guide to the Fungi of Coastal Northern California

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A comprehensive and user-friendly field guide for identifying the many mushrooms of the northern California coast, from Monterey County to the Oregon border.

Mushrooms of the Redwood Coast will help beginning and experienced mushroom hunters alike to find and identify mushrooms, from common to rare, delicious to deadly, and interesting to beautiful. This user-friendly reference covers coastal California from Monterey County to the Oregon border with full treatments of more than 750 species, and references to hundreds more. With tips on mushroom collecting, descriptions of specific habitats and biozones, updated taxonomy, and outstanding photography, this guide is far and away the most modern and comprehensive treatment of mushrooms in the region. Each species profile pairs a photograph with an in-depth description, as well as notes on ecology, edibility, toxicity, and look-alike species. Written by mushroom identification experts and supported by extensive field work, Mushrooms of the Redwood Coast is an indispensable guide for anyone curious about fungi.
Mushrooms of the Redwood Coast sets the standard for all future efforts. The coverage is all one could ask for, the text is clear and helpful, and the photographs are a joy to see.
—GARY LINCOFF, author of The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Mushrooms

Mushrooms of the Redwood Coast
is at a whole new level for regional mushroom guides. It is certainly a must-own for anyone that’s serious about mushroom identification in California.
—TOM BRUNS, professor of plant and micrbial biology at the University of California, Berkeley

This is a wonderful and comprehensive guide to the intriguing mushrooms of coastal northern California. Well-researched, beautifully illustrated, and written with insight and humor!
—ELSE C. VELLINGA, editor of Flora Agaricina Neerlandica 

This book sets a new standard for comprehensive regional mushroom identification guides. The photographs alone are worth the price of admission.
—DAVID ARORA, author of Mushrooms Demystified 

Accomplished field mycologists/photographers Siegel and Schwarz have made the colorful and fascinating mushrooms of the redwood coast accessible through this indispensable new book.
—DR. STEVEN TRUDELL, author of Mushrooms of the Pacific Northwest
NOAH SIEGEL is one of the premier mushroom photographers in the nation. His work has appeared in FUNGI magazine and Mushroom, and he has lectured extensively across America. He serves as a trustee for the North East Mycological Federation and has studied fungi throughout North America, as well as in New Zealand and Australia. View titles by Noah Siegel
CHRISTIAN SCHWARZ is a mushroom enthusiast, taxonomist, and citizen science advocate from Santa Cruz, California. He spends most of his time researching, teaching about, and photographing fungi. He also makes scientific collections of macrofungi, focused specifically on California and his home county in particular. He’s travelled in search of fungi throughout the United States, as well as Mexico, central America, Indonesia, and Europe. View titles by Christian Schwarz
Introduction 

The rugged edge of the continent upon which Coast Redwoods dwell is fantastically beautiful land. The warm, dry summers and rainy winters that bathe this area’s varied terrain create a great diversity of habitats, which are home to mushrooms and other fungi: a tremendously diverse but often overlooked community of organisms. 

Mushroom identification as a hobby has an obvious end goal: to be able to attach names to organisms and communicate about them reliably and effectively. But pursuing this goal necessarily involves continually honing and developing increased awareness of other fungi, which leads to outcomes more subtle and more profound. You will learn a few mushrooms your first year, and the next year you will learn a few more; then you will have experiences that challenge you to question your own knowledge, as well as some that strengthen it. You will eventually be surprised at how much you know (and how much more you are left wondering about!). More importantly, with every step you take down this road, your world will expand. You will begin to notice slime molds, mosses, lichens, tiny insects, and the various other minute habitats that surround fungi, and you will soon wonder about all of these as well. 

Paired with your persistence, curiosity, and time spent in the woods, this guide will help you become familiar with the names and faces of fungi on the Redwood Coast, and give you a glimpse of what we know about their role in California’s ecosystems. We hope that this book will encourage beginners to dive in to the world of California’s fungi, as well as assist and encourage more experienced identifiers as they push our collective knowledge forward. 

Coast Redwoods are a magnificent and irreplaceable part of our heritage, and we should strive to protect the ecosystems that support them. We hope that this book will serve as a reminder that this coast is also home to a great diversity of fungi. They are rarely given attention in conservation efforts (perhaps due to their intermittent visibility), but fungi are always there. Whether busy on roots, in soil, on moss, or in the heartwood of trees, they are essential to the dynamics of forests.
Introduction 7

What Are Mushrooms? 8


Humans and Ecology of Fungi 9


Fungi 10


The Redwood Coast 11


Trees of the Redwood Coast 12


Finding Mushrooms 16


Collecting Mushrooms 16


Identifying Mushrooms 16


Making Spore Prints 17


Tools of the Trade 17


Making Collections 17


Photographing Mushrooms 18


Collecting for the Table 18


Taxonomy and Cladistics 19


How to Read the Species Descriptions 20


A General Format of the Species Descriptions 20


Pictorial Key to the Major Sections 22


THE DESCRIPTIONS: 

1 • Chanterelles and Gomphoids 29


2 • Amanita 38


3 • Lepiota and Allies 60


4 • Agaricus and Melanophyllum 79


5 • Dark-Spored Mushrooms 98


6 • Brown-Spored Decomposers 131


7 • Mycorrhizal Brown-Spored Mushrooms 154


8 • Cortinarius 172


9 • Entoloma and Allies 209


10 • Pluteus and Allies 226


11 • Russula and Lactarius 233


12 • Waxy Caps 275


13 • The White-Spored Multitude 302


14 • Pleurotoid Mushrooms 403


15 • Gilled Bolete Relatives 416


16 • Boletes 426


17 • Polypores and Allies 464


18 • Crust Fungi 489


19 • Tooth Fungi 496


20 • Coral and Club Mushrooms 511


21 • Puffballs, Earthballs, Earthstars, Stinkhorns, and Bird’s Nests 533


22 • Truffles 548


23 • Jelly Fungi 554


24 • Morels, False Morels, and Elfin Saddles 558


25 • Cup Fungi 565

About

A comprehensive and user-friendly field guide for identifying the many mushrooms of the northern California coast, from Monterey County to the Oregon border.

Mushrooms of the Redwood Coast will help beginning and experienced mushroom hunters alike to find and identify mushrooms, from common to rare, delicious to deadly, and interesting to beautiful. This user-friendly reference covers coastal California from Monterey County to the Oregon border with full treatments of more than 750 species, and references to hundreds more. With tips on mushroom collecting, descriptions of specific habitats and biozones, updated taxonomy, and outstanding photography, this guide is far and away the most modern and comprehensive treatment of mushrooms in the region. Each species profile pairs a photograph with an in-depth description, as well as notes on ecology, edibility, toxicity, and look-alike species. Written by mushroom identification experts and supported by extensive field work, Mushrooms of the Redwood Coast is an indispensable guide for anyone curious about fungi.

Praise

Mushrooms of the Redwood Coast sets the standard for all future efforts. The coverage is all one could ask for, the text is clear and helpful, and the photographs are a joy to see.
—GARY LINCOFF, author of The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Mushrooms

Mushrooms of the Redwood Coast
is at a whole new level for regional mushroom guides. It is certainly a must-own for anyone that’s serious about mushroom identification in California.
—TOM BRUNS, professor of plant and micrbial biology at the University of California, Berkeley

This is a wonderful and comprehensive guide to the intriguing mushrooms of coastal northern California. Well-researched, beautifully illustrated, and written with insight and humor!
—ELSE C. VELLINGA, editor of Flora Agaricina Neerlandica 

This book sets a new standard for comprehensive regional mushroom identification guides. The photographs alone are worth the price of admission.
—DAVID ARORA, author of Mushrooms Demystified 

Accomplished field mycologists/photographers Siegel and Schwarz have made the colorful and fascinating mushrooms of the redwood coast accessible through this indispensable new book.
—DR. STEVEN TRUDELL, author of Mushrooms of the Pacific Northwest

Author

NOAH SIEGEL is one of the premier mushroom photographers in the nation. His work has appeared in FUNGI magazine and Mushroom, and he has lectured extensively across America. He serves as a trustee for the North East Mycological Federation and has studied fungi throughout North America, as well as in New Zealand and Australia. View titles by Noah Siegel
CHRISTIAN SCHWARZ is a mushroom enthusiast, taxonomist, and citizen science advocate from Santa Cruz, California. He spends most of his time researching, teaching about, and photographing fungi. He also makes scientific collections of macrofungi, focused specifically on California and his home county in particular. He’s travelled in search of fungi throughout the United States, as well as Mexico, central America, Indonesia, and Europe. View titles by Christian Schwarz

Excerpt

Introduction 

The rugged edge of the continent upon which Coast Redwoods dwell is fantastically beautiful land. The warm, dry summers and rainy winters that bathe this area’s varied terrain create a great diversity of habitats, which are home to mushrooms and other fungi: a tremendously diverse but often overlooked community of organisms. 

Mushroom identification as a hobby has an obvious end goal: to be able to attach names to organisms and communicate about them reliably and effectively. But pursuing this goal necessarily involves continually honing and developing increased awareness of other fungi, which leads to outcomes more subtle and more profound. You will learn a few mushrooms your first year, and the next year you will learn a few more; then you will have experiences that challenge you to question your own knowledge, as well as some that strengthen it. You will eventually be surprised at how much you know (and how much more you are left wondering about!). More importantly, with every step you take down this road, your world will expand. You will begin to notice slime molds, mosses, lichens, tiny insects, and the various other minute habitats that surround fungi, and you will soon wonder about all of these as well. 

Paired with your persistence, curiosity, and time spent in the woods, this guide will help you become familiar with the names and faces of fungi on the Redwood Coast, and give you a glimpse of what we know about their role in California’s ecosystems. We hope that this book will encourage beginners to dive in to the world of California’s fungi, as well as assist and encourage more experienced identifiers as they push our collective knowledge forward. 

Coast Redwoods are a magnificent and irreplaceable part of our heritage, and we should strive to protect the ecosystems that support them. We hope that this book will serve as a reminder that this coast is also home to a great diversity of fungi. They are rarely given attention in conservation efforts (perhaps due to their intermittent visibility), but fungi are always there. Whether busy on roots, in soil, on moss, or in the heartwood of trees, they are essential to the dynamics of forests.

Table of Contents

Introduction 7

What Are Mushrooms? 8


Humans and Ecology of Fungi 9


Fungi 10


The Redwood Coast 11


Trees of the Redwood Coast 12


Finding Mushrooms 16


Collecting Mushrooms 16


Identifying Mushrooms 16


Making Spore Prints 17


Tools of the Trade 17


Making Collections 17


Photographing Mushrooms 18


Collecting for the Table 18


Taxonomy and Cladistics 19


How to Read the Species Descriptions 20


A General Format of the Species Descriptions 20


Pictorial Key to the Major Sections 22


THE DESCRIPTIONS: 

1 • Chanterelles and Gomphoids 29


2 • Amanita 38


3 • Lepiota and Allies 60


4 • Agaricus and Melanophyllum 79


5 • Dark-Spored Mushrooms 98


6 • Brown-Spored Decomposers 131


7 • Mycorrhizal Brown-Spored Mushrooms 154


8 • Cortinarius 172


9 • Entoloma and Allies 209


10 • Pluteus and Allies 226


11 • Russula and Lactarius 233


12 • Waxy Caps 275


13 • The White-Spored Multitude 302


14 • Pleurotoid Mushrooms 403


15 • Gilled Bolete Relatives 416


16 • Boletes 426


17 • Polypores and Allies 464


18 • Crust Fungi 489


19 • Tooth Fungi 496


20 • Coral and Club Mushrooms 511


21 • Puffballs, Earthballs, Earthstars, Stinkhorns, and Bird’s Nests 533


22 • Truffles 548


23 • Jelly Fungi 554


24 • Morels, False Morels, and Elfin Saddles 558


25 • Cup Fungi 565